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(Mo'd'eL) J; A. OSGOOD 8: E. P. MONROE.

Metallic Packing.

No. 234,327. Patented Nov. 9,1880.

UNTTEE STATES PATENT EEtcE.

JOSIAH A. OSGOOD, OF GRANTVILLE, MASSACHUSETTS, AND EDWIN P. Y MONROE, OF NEYV YORK, N. Y.

METALLIC PACKBNG.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 234,327, dated November 9, 1880.

Application filed August 7, 1880. (MOdeL) To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, EDWIN P. MONROE, of the city of New York, in the county and 4 State of New York, and JOSIAH A. Oscoon,

of Grantville, in the county of Norfolk and State of Massachusetts, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Metallic Packing for Piston-Rods and Valve-Stems; and we do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the said invention, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a horizontal sectional view of a packing embodying our improvement set up within the vibrating ring or packing-receptacle A and cylinder-head X. B B O O are the packing blocks or segments, with the cavity filled with Babbitt or other suitable soft metal, G G G G. Springs F F F F are used to keep the blocks in position.

Fig. 2 is a longitudinal vertical section of the same, showing the cylinder-head, the vibrating ring, springs, and piston-rod Y, and the packing blocks and filling.

Fig. 3 shows the packing in the stages of construction hereinafter described, the parts B B being first made in one piece, as shown, and subsequently divided by enlarging the bore H, as shown.

Figs. 4 and 5 show another form of the cavity and filling, the two figures representing an upper and a lower set of packing, which, when applied, are set to break joints.

Our invention relates especially to that class of metallic packings in which segmental packing or guide blocks are used, the same being so arranged and adjusted by the use of springs that they encircle and pack the rod or stem. These segments are usually used in two layers or sections applied so as to break joints. A particular example of this class of packing, and one to which our invention can be applied to advantage, is shown in Letters Patent of the United States numbered 112,423; but itis obvious that our invention is not confined to this particular form.

The object of our invention is to gain greater durability, to obviate the difficulty which has hitherto existed in connection with this class of metallic packings in the cutting or abrading of the face of the packings or segments, and of the rod orstem occasioned by thefriction of the parts, and to materially lessen certain difficulties of their manufacture.

it is well known that the artificial alloys, such as Babbitt and similar substances, possess peculiar qualities as compared with iron, brass, or other harder metals, desirable for use in contact with the moving parts of machinery -c.g.,the rods of steam and other engines. Prominent among these qualities is that of their durability under wear, combined with their freedom from any injurious tendency to cut or abrade the part of the machine which is in frictional contact with them. On the other hand, their low pointof friction and their liability to lose their shape under pressure have hitherto combined to lessen their desirability for the uses indicated.

The object of our invention is to provide a means for their use whereby their valuable qualities may be retained, while their undesirable features are rendered harmless. This we accomplish by the introduction and use in our packing of aiming or filling of Babbitt metal or an alloy of tin and copper or other soft metal or suitable filling, fitted or depos ited in a pocket or cavity cast or cut in the inner surface or face of the packing or scgments of harder metal, so as to come in direct contact with the rod or stem.

In the best method of manufacturing packing of the form shown in the drawings the parts B B are cast in one piece, as shown in Fig. 3, having the width of the whole piece somewhat greater and the area of the cylindrical orifice somewhat less than in the finished packing. The faces of this piece are then planed and accurately fitted with the faces of G G, as shown. The parts are then united by solder, and the whole receives its final fitting and finishing. The last step is to bore out the annulus to the true interior caliber, which operation, as will be seen, separates the piece into the parts B B, when, by the application of slight heat, the solder is melted and the packing left in four pieces,with which the soft-metal linings are afterward combined, and the whole thus made ready for application. In this way it is obvious that the number of pieces worked is reduced with a corresponding saving of time and expense, while a certainty of fit is secured, which, were the four pieces made separately, could not be obtained except by an increased cost of production. Moreover, it is evident that this method of construction cannot be applied to packing made entirely of the soft metal, because of its fusibility, andit follows, therefore, that the use of the combina tion we have described is additionally valuable in that it permits the manufacturer to make the packing in the cheapest and best manner, of which he could not avail himself when soft metal alone was used.

Furthermore, in the practical application of our packing the segments must be well and accuratelyfitted so as to maintain steam-tight joints when the segments open or close to comform to any inequality of the rod, or to compensate for wear of the parts.

Packings composed of segmental blocks of the form shown in the drawings would not be practical in use ifcomposed entirely ofBabbitt or any soft material, on account of the impossibility of retaining their form while working under steam-pressure, so as to maintain steanr tight joints in the case and around the rod.

In our improvement we thus get all of the advantages of the peculiar and desirable properties of the soft metal, and retain itin proper condition by confining it in the casing of harder metal, and this combination is the substance of our present invention.

\Ve are aware that a packing-ring composed of segments grooved from end to end on their inner faces, and having the groove filled with packing material is not new; but in this case the packing material at the ends of the segments is uncovered and unprotected. We, on

the other hand, not only protect the packing material at these points, but also bind together the top and bottom faces of the hard-metal shell-like segment so as to prevent possibility of their spreading apart.

e are also aware that pillow-blocks have been lined in various ways with anti-friction metal. \Ve claim none of these constructions; but

Vhat we do claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. Theimprovement in metallic packing for piston and other similar rods, consisting of the chambered or shell-like hard-metal segments B B, corresponding in form, having parallel sides and of a width sufficiently less than the diameter of the rod with which they are to be used to prevent their contact while compensating for their wear, and at the same time practically surrounding the rod, in combination with the Babbitt metal or soft filling G in the cavity, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

2. A packing-segment for piston-rods and valve-stems, composed of a hard-metal shell open only on that face next to the rod or stem, and filled with Babbitt metal or other soft tilling, substantially as hereinbefore set forth.

3. A packing-ring for piston-rods and valvestems, composed of chambered or shell-like hard-metal segments tilled with Babbitt metal or other soft filling, which in each segment is inclosed on all sides save that which furnishes the frictional surface for the rod or stem, substantially as hereinbefore set forth.

EDWIN P. MONROE.

Vitnesses: JOSIAH A. OSGOOD.

J. HENRY TAYLOR, I. L. HEWLETT. 

